A wi-fi tracker following a shopper's path within a store is an example of what kind of data collection?

The scenario of a Wi-Fi tracker following a shopper's path within a store exemplifies indirect tracking. This type of data collection occurs when an individual's movements or behaviors are monitored without their direct awareness or consent, utilizing technology that collects data via signals rather than personal engagement or explicit interaction.

In this case, the shopper may not be directly informing the system about their actions; instead, their movements are deduced from the signals emitted by their mobile devices as they connect to the store's Wi-Fi. This allows retailers to gather insights on shopping patterns and foot traffic without physically surveilling individuals or requiring direct input from them.

Understanding indirect tracking is crucial in discussions of privacy and ethics, as it often raises concerns regarding the potential for surveillance without user consent, highlighting the need for clear policies on how this data is used and the implications for consumer privacy.